Envínate | Roberto Santana, Alfonso Torrente, Laura Ramos & José Martínez • Tenerife, Ribeira Sacra & Almansa, Spain • Natural • Minimal Sulphites • Listán Prieto • Wine Yourself
Envínate | Roberto Santana, Alfonso Torrente, Laura Ramos & José Martínez • Tenerife, Ribeira Sacra & Almansa, Spain • Natural • Minimal Sulphites • Listán Prieto • Wine Yourself

The Four Friends, the Atlantic & the Grape That Needed No Family

In Tenerife, Ribeira Sacra, and Almansa, four friends who met in oenology school — none from winemaking families — make profoundly pure, Atlantic-inflected wines from ancient volcanic vineyards, slate cliffs, and chalky plains, with nothing but wild yeast, old barrels, and the conviction that wine must have personality from the soil, character from the vintage, and soul from the people.

4 Friends, 4 Regions, 1 Philosophy
~60 Growers They Work With
Minimal Sulphites, Only If Needed
Envínate Tenerife • Ribeira Sacra • Almansa
01

Origin — 2005, the University & the Gang of Four

Envínatewine yourself — is the brainchild of four friends who met in 2005 while studying oenology at the University of Miguel Hernández in Elche, Alicante: Roberto Santana from the Canary Islands, Alfonso Torrente from Galicia, Laura Ramos from Almansa, and José Martínez from Extremadura. Not one of them came from a winemaking family. Not one had vineyards waiting for them. Their studies were born from pure passion and intrigue for wine — a fascination with fermentation, terroir, and the alchemy of grape into something that speaks of place.

Upon graduation, they formed a winemaking consultancy — the practical way to earn a living while searching for the vineyards they truly wanted to work with. They travelled Spain, consulting for established wineries, learning the industry from the inside, and saving money. But the consultancy was always a means to an end. The end was Envínate — a project that would allow them to make their own wines in the places they loved, according to their own philosophy. In 2008, they purchased their first tiny plot of old-vine Mencía in Ribeira Sacra — Alfonso's home region — and the project was born.

Since then, they have collected vineyards across three distinct regions: the volcanic soils of Tenerife in the Canary Islands (Roberto's home), the slate slopes of Ribeira Sacra in Galicia (Alfonso's home), and the chalky plains of Almansa in Castilla-La Mancha (Laura and José's base). Each region is Atlantic-influenced — either by the ocean itself or by the cool winds that sweep across the peninsula — and each is home to ancient, indigenous varieties that the four friends are determined to preserve and elevate. They also work in Extremadura and have explored other corners of Spain, but the three core projects remain the heart of the operation.

The four are constantly on the move — on planes, in trucks, checking vineyards and wines across all four regions. Roberto leads the Tenerife project. Alfonso oversees Ribeira Sacra. Laura and José manage Almansa. But they make decisions collectively, tasting together, arguing about maceration times, and sharing a single, unwavering conviction: "Wines must have personality given to them by the soil, character given to them by the vintage, and soul given to them by the people working in the vineyard. We interpret this with sensibility and precision in the cellar."

No Family Vineyards, No Pressure

"You might think that out of four budding winemakers attending wine school in Spain, there'd be one whose family has a vineyard or whose mother or father is a winemaker. Wrong. Not one member of this gang has family wine history, so there was no family pressure here — their studies were born from a pure passion and intrigue for wine." This absence of inheritance is precisely what makes Envínate free: they chose their vineyards, their regions, and their methods without obligation to tradition.

From Consultancy to Vocation

The consultancy phase was not wasted time. It taught them the industrial system, gave them access to vineyards across Spain, and provided the capital to purchase their first plots. But it also showed them what they did not want to do. Every industrial shortcut they encountered became a principle they would reject. Every chemical treatment they saw prescribed became a practice they would abandon. The consultancy was their apprenticeship in negation.

02

The Place — The Volcano, the Slate & the Chalk

Envínate's work spans three radically different terroirs, each Atlantic-influenced, each home to ancient indigenous varieties, and each farmed according to the same principles: organic cultivation, hand harvesting, no chemicals, and respect for the grower. The project works with approximately 60 growers across all regions — some vineyards they own, others they rent or contract, always with a focus on old vines, native grapes, and coastal or high-altitude freshness.

Táganan — The Wild Northeast, 75–300m, Volcanic Rock

Táganan — the ancient local name for the vineyard area on the northeastern corner of Tenerife — is where Roberto Santana leads the Envínate project. The vineyards are planted "wild" on primary volcanic rock, on cliffs just above the Atlantic Ocean, at elevations between 75 and 300 metres. The vines are very old, untrained, and mix-planted with dozens of native varieties — some unidentified — including Listán Negro, Listán Gacho, Baboso, Negramoll, Malvasia Negra, Vijariego Negro, Listán Blanco, Albillo Criollo, Marmajuelo, Gual, and Malvasía. Due to the rugged and difficult terrain, all farming is done by hand, and harvest is often performed with the help of animals or metal cables to transport the grapes up the cliffs. The viticulture is old-fashioned in the extreme: no chemicals, no trellising, no irrigation. The vineyards are farmed by 15 different families in collaboration with Envínate. The result is wines of extraordinary salinity, volcanic minerality, and Atlantic freshness — wines that taste of lava, sea spray, and the trade winds that blow across the Canary Islands.

Benje — Santiago del Teide, 1,000m, Own-Rooted Vines

Santiago del Teide sits on the northwest slope of Mt. Teide — the volcano that dominates Tenerife — at approximately 1,000 metres above sea level. The area is remarkable for its young volcanic soils, precipitous cliffsides, and intense solar radiation. The vines here are untrained bush vines, many 60–120 years old, planted on their own roots — a rarity made possible by the phylloxera-free volcanic soils of the Canary Islands. The grape varieties include Listán Prieto (also known as Mission or Pais), Listán Blanco, and Tintilla. The climate is continental at altitude — little rain, heavy sun exposure, and dramatic diurnal shifts — in contrast to the humid, sea-level conditions of Táganan. Envínate works with a group of local winegrowers here, producing the Benje red and white wines that reflect this high, dry, sun-baked terroir. Since 2017, some of the Benje Blanco has been aged under flor — a nod to the wine's natural glycerol and the freshness that surface yeast can provide.

Valle de la Orotava — Cordón Trenzado, 600m, Black Basalt

The Valle de la Orotava is less a valley than the northwest slope of Teide that reaches down to the Atlantic — one of the first places planted to vines in Tenerife, cooled by trade winds and shaded by fog at higher altitude. Here, Envínate works with ancient vines trained in the historic cordón trenzado — a spectacular braided-cordon system in which the canes are woven together like rope, creating long, horizontal arms that can extend for metres. The soils are black basalt, and the microclimate is cool and fresh — the grapes here are always the last to be harvested on the island, sometimes in the last week of October. The principal variety is Listán Blanco, which produces the Palo Blanco cuvée — a wine of extraordinary freshness, minerality, and ageing potential. The Migan red comes from two very old parcels of cordón trenzado Listán Negro — La Habanera on volcanic sand (minerality) and San Antonio (fruitiness) — blended to create a wine that captures the full spectrum of the valley.

Ribeira Sacra & Almansa — The Atlantic Continent

While Tenerife is the volcanic soul of Envínate, the project extends to the slate slopes of Ribeira Sacra in Galicia — where Alfonso Torrente oversees Lousas (the Galician word for slate), working with Mencía, Mouratón, Caíño, and Godello on steep terraces above the Miño and Sil rivers — and to Almansa in Castilla-La Mancha, where Laura Ramos and José Martínez produce Albahra from Garnacha Tintorera and Moravia Agria on chalky soils. The common thread across all four projects is the Atlantic: whether through direct ocean influence in Tenerife and Ribeira Sacra, or through the cool continental winds of Almansa, all Envínate wines share a freshness, acidity, and saline minerality that defines their house style. They are, in their own words, vinos Atlánticos — Atlantic wines.

03

Winemaking — The Wild Yeast, the Foot Tread & the Concrete

Envínate's philosophy is deceptively simple: let each parcel fully express itself through traditional farming and winemaking methods. But simplicity, in their hands, is the result of rigour. No chemicals are used in any of the Envínate vineyards. All parcels are picked by hand. The grapes are foot-trodden. The wines are fermented exclusively with wild yeasts, with a varying proportion of whole grape clusters included depending on the variety and the vintage. For ageing, the wines are raised in old barrels and concrete — never new oak, never stainless steel as a default. And sulphur is only added at bottling, if needed — a minimal, pragmatic approach that prioritises wine stability without compromising purity.

The four friends share a particular affinity for coastal wines — what they call vinos Atlánticos. This is not merely a geographical preference. It is a stylistic conviction: they believe that the best wines of Spain are not the heavy, extracted, oaky reds that dominated the international market for decades, but rather the light-bodied, high-acid, mineral-driven wines that grow where the Atlantic breeze moderates the heat. Whether from Tenerife, Ribeira Sacra, or Almansa, every Envínate wine embodies this Atlantic sensibility — freshness over power, transparency over opacity, and terroir over technique.

A key element of the Envínate philosophy is to bring the interpretation of the vineyard into the cellar. This means that Garnacha Tintorera — a slightly richer, denser variety — is fermented and aged in concrete to maintain freshness and a reductive state. Moravia Agria — a pale, high-acid variety of which only 40 hectares remain — is put into old oak barrels to allow it to breathe and develop complexity. The Táganan wines, close to the sea, are aged on their lees in concrete and old barrels, with some portions given a little skin contact to amplify their saline, mineral character. And the Benje Blanco, grown above the cloud line at 1,000m where the grapes develop more glycerol, is partially aged under flor — the surface yeast eating the glycerol and creating a sensation of freshness and sharpness that balances the wine's natural volume.

Roberto Santana explains: "Each grower works in different ways and that you can feel in the grapes and in the wine. It's important to be in these vineyards every day, talking with the grower or working ourselves." This is not remote, managerial winemaking. It is hand-to-hand, foot-to-grape, face-to-face viticulture — a relationship between four friends and the dozens of growers who entrust them with their ancient vines.

Why Flor Matters for Benje Blanco

Benje Blanco comes from 1,000m elevation, above the cloud line, where intense sun gives the grapes more glycerol — making the wine bigger, more voluminous. To counteract this, Envínate began experimenting with flor (surface yeast) in 2017. The flor eats the glycerol and gives the sensation that the wine is more fresh and sharp. Some of the wine is left untopped in concrete tanks and barrels so that oxygen allows the flor to develop, while other wines remain topped up. It is a natural tool, used with precision, to balance what the vineyard provides.

"Wines must have personality given to them by the soil, character given to them by the vintage, and soul given to them by the people working in the vineyard. We interpret this with sensibility and precision in the cellar."

— Roberto Santana
04

The Wines — From the Volcanic Taganan to the Slate Lousas

Envínate produces a wide and constantly evolving range of wines across four distinct projects — Táganan and Benje in Tenerife, Lousas in Ribeira Sacra, and Albahra in Almansa. All are made with indigenous yeasts, minimal sulphites, and no chemical additives. The range spans entry-level village wines, single-parcel expressions, and experimental cuvées that push the boundaries of what each terroir can express. Production varies from 6,500 bottles for the Táganan pair to 30,000 for Lousas Viño de Aldea — but every wine, regardless of volume, carries the same commitment to purity and place.

Envínate "Táganan Blanco"

White — Taganana, Tenerife
White

The entry-level white from Tenerife's wild northeast — a field blend of many different white grape varieties native to the Canary Islands, some unidentified, but including Listán Blanco, Albillo Criollo, Marmajuelo, Gual, and Malvasía. The parcels are very old, planted between 75 and 300 metres elevation right on the Atlantic Ocean, farmed by 15 different families in collaboration with Envínate. The viticulture is old-fashioned: vines grow untrained, the soil is worked by hand, and no chemicals are used. Fermented with wild yeasts by parcel, with some parcels getting a bit of skin contact, then raised on the lees in steel vats and old barrels for around 8 months. The result is a wine of extraordinary salinity and Atlantic freshness — citrus, sea salt, volcanic smoke, and a mineral backbone that speaks of the lava cliffs. ~6,500 bottles (combined with Tinto). Minimal sulphites.

Listán Blanco / Albillo / Marmajuelo / Gual / Malvasía 75–300m, Atlantic cliffs Some skin contact ~6,500 bottles

Envínate "Táganan Tinto"

Red — Taganana, Tenerife
Red

The entry-level red from the same wild vineyards — a field blend of many different red grape varieties native to the Canary Islands, some unidentified, but including Listán Negro, Listán Gacho, Baboso, Negramoll, Malvasía Negra, Vijariego Negro, and Moscatel Negra. The same untrained, old vines on volcanic rock, 75–300m, farmed by hand without chemicals. Fermented with wild yeasts with 30% whole grape clusters in open plastic tubs and concrete tanks, then raised in small tanks and used 225L and 500L barrels for around 8 months. The result is a pale, translucent red of extraordinary perfume and Atlantic character — red cherry, wild herbs, volcanic ash, and a saline finish that makes it impossible to stop drinking. Light in body, profound in soul. ~6,500 bottles (combined with Blanco). Minimal sulphites.

Listán Negro / Baboso / Negramoll / Vijariego / Moscatel Negra 30% whole cluster 8 months old barrels ~6,500 bottles

Envínate "Táganan Parcela Margalagua"

Red — Taganana, Tenerife
Red

The single-parcel masterpiece from Táganan — from Margalagua, or "Mother of the Water" — a treacherously steep vineyard site at 150–250 metres just above the Atlantic Ocean. Organically farmed by viticultor José Angel Alonso and Envínate. As was tradition with the very old vineyards on Tenerife, Margalagua is mix-planted with dozens of indigenous varieties — too many to name — on vines that are at least 100 years old, untrained, and planted on their own roots (phylloxera-free). Fermented in old 500L barrels with whole grape clusters included, then raised in neutral 500L French oak barrels for 11 months. The result is a wine of extreme rarity and emotional depth — pale, pretty, with restrained red cherry fruit, spice, and a finish that seems to evaporate into sea mist. ~82 EUR. Extremely limited. Minimal sulphites.

Field blend, 100+ year old vines Own-rooted, untrained 11 months 500L neutral oak Extremely limited

Envínate "Benje Tinto"

Red — Santiago del Teide, Tenerife
Red

The high-altitude red from the slopes of Teide — sourced from 1,000 metres elevation, from old-vine, own-rooted (pie franco) parcels of Listán Prieto (Mission) with a bit of Tintilla, named "Masca," "La Zanja," "Valle de Arriba," and "Llano Redondo" — all located in Santiago del Teide. Each parcel is hand-harvested and vinified separately, some in concrete and some in small open tubs. Maceration is 10–30 days (depending on parcel) with daily punch-down. Malolactic fermentation occurs in neutral French barriques, then the wine is raised 8 months in the same barrels without battonage. Bottled without fining or filtration. The result is a wine of lifted, happy red fruit, fresh fennel, and volcanic intensity — a red that captures the continental altitude of Teide rather than the maritime humidity of the coast. ~12–13% ABV. Minimal sulphites.

Listán Prieto (Mission) / Tintilla 1,000m, own-rooted 10–30 days maceration 8 months neutral barrique

Envínate "Benje Blanco"

White — Santiago del Teide, Tenerife
White

100% Listán Blanco from several old-vine parcels around Santiago del Teide. Viticulture is highly traditional: vines grow untrained, soil worked by hand, no chemicals. Hand-harvested and fermented with native yeasts without temperature control, in a mix of old French oak foudre and concrete tank. A portion of the wine macerates with the skins and a portion is aged under flor — a technique introduced in 2017 to balance the natural glycerol of high-altitude sun exposure. The flor eats the glycerol and gives the wine a sensation of freshness and sharpness that is utterly distinctive. Bottled unfined and unfiltered with a small addition of SO₂. The result is a white wine of volume, freshness, and volcanic character — almond, citrus, and a saline lift that speaks of the clouds below. ~12–13% ABV. Minimal sulphites.

100% Listán Blanco 1,000m, untrained vines Partial flor ageing Minimal sulphites

Envínate "Palo Blanco"

White — Valle de la Orotava, Tenerife
White

Sourced from a 1.5-hectare vineyard of centenarian cordón trenzado (braided vine) Listán Blanco at 600 metres elevation — named for the area where it is planted. The cordon trenzado is one of the most spectacular training systems in the world: the canes are woven together like rope, creating long horizontal arms that can extend for metres along the ground. The grapes are hand-harvested, pressed full cluster into large concrete tank off the skins, and fermented without malolactic occurring, then raised in two Friulian 2,500L oval foudres for 10 months. Bottled without fining or filtration. The result is a wine of extraordinary freshness, minerality, and ageing potential — always the last grapes harvested on the island, sometimes in the last week of October, giving them a slow ripening period that develops complex flavours over time. ~12.5% ABV. Minimal sulphites.

100% Listán Blanco Cordón trenzado, 600m 10 months 2,500L foudre No malolactic

Envínate "Migan"

Red — Valle de la Orotava, Tenerife
Red

Sourced from two very old parcels of cordón trenzado Listán Negro60% from La Habanera on volcanic sand at the highest elevation (minerality), and 40% from San Antonio (fruitiness). The blend captures the full spectrum of the Valle de la Orotava — the black basalt soils, the cool trade winds, and the braided vines that have defined this valley for centuries. Fermented with wild yeasts, raised in old barrels and concrete, and bottled with minimal sulphites. A red of unexpected elegance and volcanic depth — light in body, profound in terroir, and capable of long ageing. ~12.5–13% ABV. Minimal sulphites.

100% Listán Negro La Habanera & San Antonio Cordón trenzado Minimal sulphites

Envínate "Vidueño de Santiago del Teide"

Red / Field Blend — Santiago del Teide, Tenerife
Red / Field Blend

Sourced from a tiny 0.15-hectare parcel of old-vine, untrained, own-rooted Listán Blanco and Listán Prieto — co-planted together in the traditional vidueño style. Hand-harvested, destemmed and macerated for 15 days in an open tub, then transferred to three old 228L French barriques to age for 8 months on fine lees without battonage or added SO₂. Bottled without fining, filtration, or any added sulphites. Due to its high elevation, this wine offers much less Atlantic character than the Táganan or Valle de la Orotava cuvées — it is more continental, more introspective, and more about the volcanic soil and the altitude than the sea. A rare and precious wine that captures a specific moment in a specific 0.15-hectare plot. ~12.5% ABV. Zero added sulphites. Extremely limited.

Listán Blanco / Listán Prieto 0.15ha, co-planted 15 days maceration Zero sulphites

Envínate "Lousas" (Ribeira Sacra)

Red — Ribeira Sacra, Galicia
Red

The Galician soul of EnvínateLousas, the Galician word for slate, is a regional red with grapes sourced from Amandi, Ribeiras do Sil, and Bibei subzones of Ribeira Sacra. Made primarily from Mencía, with Mouratón, Caíño, and other native varieties, from steep slate terraces above the Miño and Sil rivers. Fermented with wild yeasts, foot-trodden, raised in old barrels and concrete. The result is a wine of mouth-filling brambly fruit, dark slate tannins, and a floral lift that recalls lilacs — an Atlantic red of extraordinary depth and freshness. ~30,000 bottles. ~25 EUR. Minimal sulphites.

Mencía / Mouratón / Caíño Amandi / Ribeiras do Sil / Bibei Slate terraces ~30,000 bottles

Envínate "Albahra" (Almansa)

Red — Almansa, Castilla-La Mancha
Red

The Mediterranean-continental project of Laura Ramos and José Martínez — Albahra is made from Garnacha Tintorera and Moravia Agria on the chalky soils of Almansa. The Garnacha Tintorera is fermented and aged in concrete to maintain freshness and a reductive state. The Moravia Agria — of which only 40 hectares remain — is put into old oak barrels to allow it to breathe. The result is a field blend of extraordinary vibrancy and tension — the Garnacha providing colour and structure, the Moravia providing pale, high-acid, low-alcohol freshness. A wine that keeps the Mediterranean character without heaviness — the total opposite of the extracted, high-alcohol style that dominates the region. ~12–13% ABV. Minimal sulphites.

Garnacha Tintorera / Moravia Agria Chalky soils Concrete & old oak Minimal sulphites

Envínate Experimental / Single-Parcel Wines

Variable — Tenerife / Ribeira Sacra / Almansa
Red / White / Variable

The four friends' experimental edge — a constantly shifting portfolio of single-parcel wines, new discoveries, and vintage-specific cuvées that test the boundaries of what each region can express. In Tenerife, this includes Palo Blanco Parcela Las Molinas (a single-plot Listán Blanco from Los Realejos), Táganan Campanario (a vineyard of Verdejo, Gual, and Forastera planted to raise alcohol for wines sent to England by boat, now harvested at 12–12.5% for freshness), and Parcela Amogoje (a white single parcel from Táganan). In Ribeira Sacra, it includes Parcela Rosende, Seoane, and Camiño Novo — three single-vineyard Mencías. And in Almansa, new plots and varieties are explored every year. The common thread is wild yeast, minimal sulphites, and total creative freedom guided by the vineyard, the vintage, and the grower. These wines are not always available. When they are, they are shared with the community of collectors who understand that Envínate's experiments are not diversions but the very purpose of the project.

Variable varieties Single-parcel Vintage-responsive Extremely limited
05

Legacy — The Four Friends, the Atlantic & the Grape That Needed No Family

Envínate matters because it is one of the most influential and internationally celebrated natural wine projects in Spain — the work of four friends who, without family vineyards or inherited privilege, have proven that organic farming, wild yeast, and minimal intervention can produce wines of extraordinary purity and global recognition from some of the most challenging and beautiful terroirs in Europe. In a decade, they have put Tenerife on the fine wine map, redefined Ribeira Sacra for a new generation, and rescued Moravia Agria from extinction — all while maintaining a commitment to the growers who make their work possible.

Their legacy is agricultural. By working with approximately 60 growers across four regions, by farming untrained, own-rooted, 100-year-old vines on volcanic rock in Tenerife, by preserving the cordon trenzado system in Valle de la Orotava, by maintaining steep slate terraces in Ribeira Sacra, and by saving Moravia Agria from disappearance in Almansa, Envínate has created a model for Spanish viticulture that is decentralised, grower-focused, and terroir-obsessed. They do not own all their vineyards. They collaborate — and in doing so, they have built a network of trust that extends far beyond their own cellar.

Their legacy is also oenological. The Táganan Tinto — a pale, field-blended red from untrained vines on primary volcanic rock, 30% whole cluster, 8 months in old barrels — is a wine that almost no one else in the world could make, because almost no one else has access to these specific vineyards, these specific growers, and this specific philosophy. The Palo Blanco — centenarian cordón trenzado Listán Blanco, full-cluster pressed, no malolactic, 10 months in 2,500L foudre — is a white wine of international stature and ageing potential. And the Benje Blanco with flor — a technical innovation born from observation, not fashion — demonstrates that natural winemaking can be both ancient and avant-garde.

And their legacy is cultural. Envínate has become the symbol of the new Spanish wine — not because they invented a style, but because they returned to styles that existed before industrialisation. They have shown that the future of Spanish wine is not heavier, oakier, or more extracted, but lighter, fresher, and more transparent. They have proven that vinos Atlánticos — Atlantic wines — can stand alongside the great wines of Burgundy, the Loire, and Germany. And they have done it all without a single family vineyard, without inherited wealth, and without compromise.

From the university in Alicante to the volcanic cliffs of Táganan, from the slate slopes of Ribeira Sacra to the chalky plains of Almansa, from consultancy to conviction, Envínate is a testament to what happens when four friends decide that the best way to make wine is to wine yourself — to remove everything that is not soil, vintage, and people, and to let the Atlantic speak. The lava remembers. The slate listens. And the drinker is transformed.

"Each grower works in different ways and that you can feel in the grapes and in the wine. It's important to be in these vineyards every day, talking with the grower or working ourselves."

— Roberto Santana

Why They Matter

Four friends (Roberto Santana, Alfonso Torrente, Laura Ramos, José Martínez) who met in 2005 at the University of Miguel Hernández in Alicante — none from winemaking families. Founded a consultancy, then Envínate in 2008. Work across four regions: Tenerife (Roberto), Ribeira Sacra (Alfonso), Almansa (Laura & José), plus Extremadura. ~60 growers. Organic cultivation. Hand-picked. Foot-trodden. Wild yeasts. Varying whole clusters. Old barrels and concrete. Sulphur only at bottling if needed. Táganan: wild untrained vines on volcanic rock, 75–300m, 15 families, field blends of dozens of native varieties (Listán Negro, Baboso, Negramoll, Vijariego, Listán Blanco, Albillo, Marmajuelo, Gual, Malvasía). Benje: 1,000m, own-rooted Listán Prieto/Mission, 60–120 year old vines, some flor ageing for Blancos. Valle de la Orotava: cordón trenzado (braided vines), 600m, black basalt, Listán Blanco (Palo Blanco) and Listán Negro (Migan). Lousas: slate terraces, Ribeira Sacra, Mencía/Mouratón/Caíño. Albahra: Almansa, Garnacha Tintorera/Moravia Agria (only 40ha remain). Recognised as one of Spain's most exciting producers. The symbol of the new Spanish wine.